Information & Statistics
​Although primary school is officially free in Vietnam, families are responsible for books, uniforms, transportation and maintenance costs of school building which can be costly.
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Approximately 90% of Vietnam’s poor live in remote rural areas
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Approximately 6.6 million of 9 million of the poor are from ethnic minority heritage
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Some ethnic minority groups have poverty rate as high as 70-80% ie. Hmong, Kho Mu, Xo Dang
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Evidence shows dropout rate at secondary schools are higher for students in communes at farther distance to district centre.
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In 2015, research discovered that 20.8% of the Vietnamese ethnic minority population aged 15 and above cannot read and write
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This is because the commute are too far with the only choices are to board (which is almost always not an option since this means a loss of labour and loss of income) or to commute long distances everyday
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Motivates children to drop out of school and start working at a very young age
Graph depicting net school enrollment by welfare status and by ethnicity, 2016 (Pimhidzai 2018)
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56% of the household heads have only complete primary school or less in 2016
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Not going to school limits non-farm income, reduces access to better employment and high earnings
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Graph depicting Employment profile by education level (Demombynes and Testaverde 2017)
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Absolute poverty – the absence of adequate resources – hampers learning in developing countries through poor nutrition, health, home circumstances (lack of books, lighting or places to do homework) and parental education. It discourages enrolment to higher grades
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Education brings economic benefit and social benefits that improve the situation of the poor, such as improved health care of children, and greater participation of women in the labour market.
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Studies show greater positive effects of more good textbooks than those of additional teachers since the lack of materials prevent education even if there is a teacher present